摘要：郭家院遗址属于屈家岭文化时期，时代大致在5500B.C～4200B.C之间。遗址人群制作石器选择石料时偏好沉积岩中的砂岩、细砂岩和粉砂岩等，其它火成岩和变质岩等岩性的石料选择很少。石器类型以砍伐工具为主，如磨制石斧和石锛等，其它类型的石器较少，说明郭家院遗址新石器时代的生产活动以砍伐为主。磨制双面刃石斧的柄部和刃部弦长的比例大于1:2的为多，可测刃角集中在60º～79º之间。磨制石锛的柄部和刃部弧长的比例大于1:2，可测刃角集中在50º～69º之间。
关键词：郭家院遗址；新石器时代；砍伐工具
A Preliminary Study of the Polished Stone Tools from Guojiayuan Neolithic Site, Hubei Province
Feng Yilu, Feng Xiaobo, Du Jie, Liu Hui, Xiang Qifang
（Wuhan, Hubei 430072）(Beijing, 100191) (Wuhan, Hubei, 430077)
Abstract: Guojiayuan site was at the period of the Qujialing culture, the era roughly between 5500B.C.E and 4200B.C.E. During that time, ancient people from the Guojiayuan site had preferred to utilize sedimentary rocks such as sandstone, fine sandstone and siltstone to produce their stone tools. The stone tools were mainly used for cutting, such as polished stone axe and stone adze, etc., with little other types of tools. This showed that deforestation was their main production activities at the Guojiayuan site, while farming, fishing and hunting were not practiced at this time. During the period of Qujialing Culture, the ratio shank chord length to the double-edged sword polished stone axe was generally greater than 1:2, and the measurable edge angle was between 60º and 79º. The ratio of polished stone adze shank to the arc length was greater than 1:2, and the measurable edge angle was between 50º and 79º.
Keywords: Guojiayuan site, the Neolithic Age, stone tools for cutting