摘要：本文利用浮选法获取了杨堡遗址的大汶口文化晚期、龙山文化、岳石文化和战国晚期——汉代的炭化植物遗存，量化分析结果表明，在大汶口文化晚期，农作物以水稻为主，粟、黍所占比重较小；岳石文化时期，粟的比重上升，与水稻的地位相当，同时小麦和大豆出现，且小麦初具规模，黍的比重较小；到了战国晚期——汉代，粟和小麦成为主要作物，水稻的地位明显下降。上述研究结果显示，以杨堡遗址为代表的淮河中游地区最晚在新石器时代晚期就开始实行多种作物的种植制度，并不断发展；稻—旱混作农业模式在这里长期延续并经历了此消彼长的演变过程。研究结果对揭示淮河中游地区古代人类生业模式及农业结构演变有重要价值。
关键词：杨堡遗址；大汶口文化晚期；岳石文化；战国晚期——汉；多种作物种植；稻旱混作
A Study on Charred Plant Remains in Yangpu Site of Suzhou, Anhui
Cheng Zhijie, Yang Yuzhang, Zhang Juzhong, Yu Jie, Chen Bingbai, Zhang Hui, Gong Xicheng
(Hefei, Anhui 230026) (Wuhan, Hubei 430072) (Hefei, Anhui 230061)
Abstract: The flotation result of plant remains in Yangpu Site, excavated at Suzhou City, Anhui in 2012, shows the development of agriculture from the late Neolithic to the Han Dynasty. In the time of late Dawenkou Culture, rice farming dominanted the site. This changed during the Yueshi Culture, where millet farming became just as common as rice farming, and wheat and soybean planting were utilized. By the late Warring States to the Han Dynasty there was an increase in millet and wheat production and a decline in rice cultivation. This suggests that during the late Neolithic multi-planting was taking place in the middle reaches of Huai River, while dry farming and rice farming coexisted in different periods on the site. The study is of great importance in revealing the livelihood and agricultural structure of ancient people in the area.
Keywords: Yangpu Site, late Dawenkou Culture, Yueshi Culture, from late Warring States period to Han Dynasty, multi-planting, rice-millet mixed cultivation